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Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006) - Macau (2005)

Compare Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006) z Macau (2005)

 Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2006)Macau (2005)
 Cocos (Keeling) IslandsMacau
Administrative divisions none (territory of Australia) none (special administrative region of China)
Age structure 0-14 years: NA


15-64 years: NA


65 years and over: NA (2006 est.)
0-14 years: 17% (male 39,564/female 36,947)


15-64 years: 75.1% (male 160,957/female 176,386)


65 years and over: 7.9% (male 14,713/female 20,631) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts only 2% of land area is cultivated, mainly by vegetable growers; fishing, mostly for crustaceans, is important, some of catch is exported to Hong Kong; most food requirements are met by imports, primarily from China
Airports 1 (2006) 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2006)
total: 1


over 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Area total: 14 sq km


land: 14 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island
total: 25.4 sq km


land: 25.4 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC about 0.1 times the size of Washington, DC
Background There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William KEELING discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. Annexed by the UK in 1857, they were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands generally is split between the ethnic Europeans on West Island and the ethnic Malays on Home Island. Colonized by the Portuguese in the 16th century, Macau was the first European settlement in the Far East. Pursuant to an agreement signed by China and Portugal on 13 April 1987, Macau became the Macau Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China on 20 December 1999. China has promised that, under its "one country, two systems" formula, China's socialist economic system will not be practiced in Macau, and that Macau will enjoy a high degree of autonomy in all matters except foreign and defense affairs for the next 50 years.
Birth rate NA 8.04 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget revenues: $NA


expenditures: $NA
revenues: $1.84 billion


expenditures: $1.57 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2003)
Capital name: West Island


geographic coordinates: 12 10 S, 96 55 E


time difference: UTC+6.5 (11.5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
-
Climate tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year subtropical; marine with cool winters, warm summers
Coastline 26 km 41 km
Constitution Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 (23 November 1955) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992 Basic Law, approved in March 1993 by China's National People's Congress, is Macau's "mini-constitution"
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands


conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands
conventional long form: Macau Special Administrative Region


conventional short form: Macau


local long form: Aomen Tebie Xingzhengqu (Chinese); Regiao Administrativa Especial de Macau (Portuguese)


local short form: Aomen (Chinese); Macau (Portuguese)
Death rate NA deaths/1,000 population 4.23 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external - $2.7 billion (2003)
Dependency status non-self governing territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services special administrative region of China
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) the US has no offices in Macau; US interests are monitored by the US Consulate General in Hong Kong
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) none (special administrative region of China)
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient $NA NA
Economy - overview Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. There is a small tourist industry. Macau's well-to-do economy has remained one of the most open in the world since its reversion to China in 1999. Apparel exports and tourism are mainstays of the economy. Although the territory was hit hard by the 1998 Asian financial crisis and the global downturn in 2001, its economy grew 9.5% in 2002 and 15.6% in 2003. During the first three quarters of 2004, Macau registered year-on-year GDP increases of more than 20 percent. A rapid rise in the number of mainland visitors because of China's easing of restrictions on travel, increased public works expenditures, and significant investment inflows associated with the liberalization of Macau's gaming industry drove the recovery. The budget also returned to surplus in 2002 because of the surge in visitors from China and a hike in taxes on gambling profits, which generated about 70% of government revenue. The three companies awarded gambling licenses have pledged to invest $2.2 billion in the territory, which will boost GDP growth. Much of Macau's textile industry may move to the mainland as the Multi-Fiber Agreement is phased out. The territory may have to rely more on gambling and trade-related services to generate growth. Two new casinos were opened by new foreign gambling licensees in 2004; development of new infrastructure and facilities in preparation for Macau's hosting of the 2005 East Asian Games will bolster the construction sector. The Closer Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) between Macau and mainland China that came into effect on 1 January 2004 offers many Macau-made products tariff-free access to the mainland, and the range of products covered by CEPA was to be expanded on 1 January 2005.
Electricity - consumption - 1.772 billion kWh (2003)
Electricity - exports - 1 million kWh (2003)
Electricity - imports - 179.7 million kWh (2003)
Electricity - production - 1.719 billion kWh (2003)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 5 m
lowest point: South China Sea 0 m


highest point: Coloane Alto 172.4 m
Environment - current issues fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs NA
Ethnic groups Europeans, Cocos Malays Chinese 95.7%, Macanese (mixed Portuguese and Asian ancestry) 1%, other 3.3% (2001 census)
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001) patacas per US dollar - 8.022 (2004), 8.021 (2003), 8.033 (2002), 8.034 (2001), 8.026 (2000)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general


head of government: Administrator (nonresident) Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006)


cabinet: NA


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia
chief of state: President of China HU Jintao (since 15 March 2003)


head of government: Chief Executive Edmund HO Hau-wah (since 20 December 1999)


cabinet: Executive Council consists of one government secretary, four legislators, four businessmen, and one pro-Beijing unionist


elections: chief executive chosen by a 300-member Election Committee for up to two five-year terms


election results: Edmund HO Hau-wah reelected on 29 August 2004; received 296 votes in Election Committee out of 300 possible; 3 members submitted blank ballots; 1 member was absent
Exports $NA NA
Exports - commodities copra clothing, textiles, footwear, toys, electronics, machinery and parts
Exports - partners Australia (2004) US 48.7%, China 13.9%, Germany 8.3%, Hong Kong 7.6%, UK 4.4% (2004)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June calendar year
Flag description the flag of Australia is used light green with a lotus flower above a stylized bridge and water in white, beneath an arc of five gold, five-pointed stars: one large in center of arc and four smaller
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: 0.1%


industry: 7.2%


services: 92.7% (2002 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $19,400 (2003)
GDP - real growth rate - 15.6% (2003)
Geographic coordinates 12 30 S, 96 50 E 22 10 N, 113 33 E
Geography - note islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation essentially urban; one causeway and two bridges connect the two islands of Coloane and Taipa to the peninsula on mainland
Highways - total: 341 km


paved: 341 km


unpaved: 0 km (2002)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Imports $NA NA
Imports - commodities foodstuffs raw materials and semi-manufactured goods, consumer goods (foodstuffs, beverages, tobacco), capital goods, mineral fuels and oils
Imports - partners Australia (2004) China 44.4%, Hong Kong 10.6%, Japan 9.6%, Taiwan 4.9%, Singapore 4.1%, US 4.1% (2004)
Independence none (territory of Australia) none (special administrative region of China)
Industrial production growth rate - NA
Industries copra products and tourism tourism, gambling, clothing, textiles, electronics, footwear, toys
Infant mortality rate total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
total: 4.39 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 4.59 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 4.19 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 2% (3rd quarter, 2004)
International organization participation none IMF, IMO (associate), Interpol (sub-bureau), ISO (correspondent), UNESCO (associate), UPU, WCO, WMO, WToO (associate), WTO
Irrigated land NA NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court Court of Final Appeal in Macau Special Administrative Region
Labor force NA 231,500 (3rd Quarter, 2004)
Labor force - by occupation note: the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others manufacturing 18.3%, construction 8%, transport and communications 7%, wholesale and retail trade 16.2%, restaurants and hotels 10.9%, gambling 11.6%, public sector 8.8%, other services and agriculture 19.2% (2003 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 0.34 km


regional border: China 0.34 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)
arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100%


note: "green areas" represent 22.4% (2001)
Languages Malay (Cocos dialect), English Cantonese 87.9%, Hokkien 4.4%, Mandarin 1.6%, other Chinese dialects 3.1%, other 3% (2001 census)
Legal system based upon the laws of Australia and local laws based on Portuguese civil law system
Legislative branch unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats)


elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held in May 2005 (next to be held in May 2007)
unicameral Legislative Council or LEGCO (29 seats; 12 elected by popular vote, 10 by indirect vote, and seven appointed by the chief executive; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 26 September 2005 (next in September 2009)


election results: percent of vote - Development Union 12.8%, Macau Development Alliance 9%, Macau United Citizens' Association 16%, New Democratic Macau Association 18.2%, others na; seats by political group - Development Union 2, Macau Development Alliance 1, Macau United Citizens' Association 2, New Democratic Macau Association 2, New Hope 1, Union Forces 2, others 2; 10 seats filled by professional and business groups; seven members appointed by chief executive
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
total population: 82.12 years


male: 79.29 years


female: 85.09 years (2005 est.)
Literacy NA definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 94.5%


male: 97.2%


female: 92% (2003 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Indonesia, about halfway from Australia to Sri Lanka Eastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and China
Map references Southeast Asia Southeast Asia
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
not specified
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory has a five-person police force -
Military branches - China's People's Revolutionary Army (PLA) constitutes the only armed force in Macau; several police forces constitute the Security Forces of Macau (SFM) that are subordinate to the General Secretariat of Security, a body comparable to a ministry of interior (2004)
National holiday Australia Day, 26 January (1788) National Day (Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China), 1 October (1949); note - 20 December 1999 is celebrated as Macau Special Administrative Region Establishment Day
Nationality noun: Cocos Islander(s)


adjective: Cocos Islander
noun: Chinese


adjective: Chinese
Natural hazards cyclone season is October to April typhoons
Natural resources fish NEGL
Net migration rate NA 4.86 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders none Civil Service Union [Jose Maria Pereira COUTINHO]; Development Union [KWAN Tsui-hang]; Macau Development Alliance [Angela LEONG On-kei]; Macau United Citizens' Association [CHAN Meng-kam]; New Democratic Macau Association [Antonio NG Kuok-cheong]; United Forces [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders none NA
Population 574 (July 2006 est.) 449,198 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA
Population growth rate 0% (2006 est.) 0.87% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors - Macau
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2004) AM 0, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.) Buddhist 50%, Roman Catholic 15%, none and other 35% (1997 est.)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/female


total population: 0.92 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage NA direct election 18 years of age, universal for permanent residents living in Macau for the past seven years; indirect election limited to organizations registered as "corporate voters" (257 are currently registered) and a 300-member Election Committee drawn from broad regional groupings, municipal organizations, and central government bodies
Telephone system general assessment: connected within Australia's telecommunication system


domestic: NA


international: country code - 61; telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 INTELSAT satellite earth station
general assessment: fairly modern communication facilities maintained for domestic and international services


domestic: NA


international: country code - 853; HF radiotelephone communication facility; access to international communications carriers provided via Hong Kong and China; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 287 (1992) 174,600 (2003)
Telephones - mobile cellular note - analog cellular service available 364,000 (2003)
Television broadcast stations NA 1 (2003)
Terrain flat, low-lying coral atolls generally flat
Total fertility rate NA 0.93 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate 60% (2000 est.) 4.7% (3rd Quarter, 2004)
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